It does not sound correct. I suppose this would work if one were placing two 12VDC batteries in parallel utilizing a negative ground but this doesn't make any sense as explained. Look again at the battery cables and find one that attaches to either the frame of the truck, or body of the starter motor itself. This attachment on the starter motor could be one of the retention bolts into the bellhousing, or the motor itself. This attachment point will not be an insulated point as it most ground the engine. Most starter motors utilizing a "Dyer" type drive will have a copper stud that is insulated from the starter motor housing where current and voltage is applied to spin the starter motor itself. You must have both a positive, and a negative battery post tied to the series/parallel switch in order to generate the 24VDC needed to spin the starter motor. The truck itself with the exception of the starting system is 12VDC. This could have a variance as if the truck were ex military, or possibly fire apparatus which could be 24VDC electical systems complete. I don't know this variable but assume it does not apply. I just looked at your photos and the battery cables do appear to be connected correctly. I probably would not use them as is as they are in bad condition. If you don't have good tight, clean connections, something will probably fry when you mash the starter button. These were some tempermantal SOB's so you need to take precautions accordingly. Looking at your first photo: the post on the left is physically smaller than the one on the right. I can see where the cable runs and attaches to the s/p switch. This is a good start. You just need to follow as mentioned earlier. Your trigger wire, (small wire) is also connected correctly. I'd get everything cleaned up, install known good batteries and give it a go. You may be surprised, you may be dissappointed, but everything looks in order from this vantage point. Rob